This is an area that is pretty open. There have been only a few other
dimensions mentioned so far, over the course of the game. But first some
terms need to be defined:
Alternate Universe: The most "common" type, a universe like our own except
certain events happened differently. Potentially infinite (any event has
several outcomes) they are effectively limited by certain obscure laws of
temporal physics. What it boils down to is that timelines with minute
changes do not have enough "momentum" to continue and reunite with their
main timeline almost instantly, existing so close on a quantum level as to
indistinguishable. It has been theorized that being displaying unsually
positive or negative "luck" may somehow instinctively jump around these
minor alternates but that has never been confirmed. An example Alternate is
the home dimension of Protector and his order, the Quantum Knights. Its
seems to be an Alternate Earth inhabited by a humanlike race that follows a
belief structure that says evil is an actual force that must be combatted.
Variant Universe: Much more distinct than a Alternate, A Variant "branched
off" from the some unknowable time in the past, perhaps right at the Big
Bang. Totally distinct, these Universes may have different physical laws. The
line between Alternate and Variant can be hazy. A good example is a Universe
encountered by the Defenders where superhuman powers not only did not
exist. but there existence wasn't supported by the laws of that Universe.
History of the Earth was mostly the same, however except there was no
Tyranthrax invasion.
Outer Plane/Realm: These are the "magical" planes of existence. The Astral
plane, Tartarus, Fairy and other realms thought inhabited by magical and
unbelievably technically advanced beings. There can't be a blanket definition
for these realm as they are as diverse as there inhabitants. Some are actual
"places" such as the Astral Plane and can be observed scientifically to an
extent other are abstract like the Dream Zone, existing the universal
unconscious of every being that dreams.